Integration of Sustainable HRM and Training Digitalization: A Literature Review to Address the Challenges of Industry 4.0

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to develop a conceptual framework that integrates digital training technologies with sustainable human resource management (HRM) practices to address economic, social, and environmental sustainability challenges in the context of Industry 4.0.

Design/methodology/approach: A systematic literature review was conducted, synthesizing insights from Q1/WOS journals and global industry reports. The proposed framework includes inputs (sustainability policies, digital technologies), processes (training design and implementation), and outputs (economic, social, and environmental impacts). Practical applications from multinational corporations were analyzed to validate the framework.

Findings: Digital training technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Virtual Reality (VR), and Learning Management Systems (LMS) demonstrate the potential to optimize costs, enhance accessibility for marginalized groups, and reduce environmental footprints. These technologies also improve workforce capabilities and strengthen organizational sustainability commitments, promoting diversity, inclusion, and social equity in workforce development.

Originality: This study uniquely bridges the gap between digital training technologies and sustainable HRM practices by proposing a roadmap for aligning training programs with sustainability goals. The research highlights the potential of digital training tools to address inclusivity and sustainability challenges in a way that has not been fully explored in prior studies.

Research limitations/implications: Future empirical research is necessary to validate the proposed framework across different industries and regions.

Practical implications: The framework provides actionable insights for organizations to leverage digital training technologies in sustainable workforce development, fostering innovation and operational efficiency.